How to Control pH and Concentration in Metalworking Fluids
Stable performance in water-miscible metalworking fluids depends on both correct initial filling and regular bath monitoring. Changes in concentration and pH can affect tool life, corrosion protection, foaming, biostability, and operator comfort.
Concentration monitoring
In field measurements using a refractometer, the product's own factor should be used. Low concentrations can lead to corrosion and performance loss, while excessively high concentrations can contribute to cost, foaming, and residue problems.
How should pH be interpreted?
The target pH range for each metalworking fluid depends on the product formulation. The trend of pH over time is important. Sudden drops may indicate microbial activity, contamination, or incorrect topping-up water; high pH, on the other hand, can be caused by reasons such as the addition of incorrect chemicals.
Tramp oil and dirt load
Mixing hydraulic and slide oils into the bath can reduce oxygen transfer, affect refractometer measurements, and create surface quality problems. Dirt load should be controlled with a skimmer and appropriate filtration systems.
Frequency of check-ups
In high-volume systems, it is beneficial to monitor concentration daily and pH and other key parameters at regular intervals. The exact frequency should be determined according to tank volume, production intensity, and the product manufacturer's maintenance plan.
Conclusion
Maintaining disciplined concentration and pH monitoring in metalworking fluids helps extend bath life and preserve process stability. Target values should always be determined according to the technical documentation of the product being used.
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